Roof Basics and Your Home

By Roger Frost


A roof protects the building and its contents from the effects of weather. The roof may also protect against heat, sunlight, cold, snow and wind. Roofs height can range anywhere from 1 to 3 stories for the typical home inspection.

The characteristics of a roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building that it covers, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation.

Asphalt shingles should not be used on a roof lower than a 3 /12, and wood shakes and shingles normally require a pitch of greater than 4 /12. Very low-pitch or flat roofs require a continuous surface, such as roll, built-up or membrane roofing. Low slope shingles may be used on a roof with lower than 3/121 pitch but require more shingles and individual tarring of tabs.

The material of a roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to lamininated glass, aluminium sheeting and precast concrete. In many parts of the world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing material for centuries. In Barrie Ontario the predominate roofing material is asphalt shingles and in commercial buildings either rolled roofing or built up tar and gravel.

Guttering systems, like everything else, have evolved greatly over the last couple of hundred years, starting out as crude wooden troughs and ending up with the vinyl and metal systems that we use today. It is fair to say that most guttering systems are high-maintenance. Homeowners with conventional uncovered gutters are required to regularly clean out vegetation and debris that get blown into them. Gutters often need to be re-fitted when severe weather detaches them from the fascia.

The Barrie Home inspector often finds gutters installed too low on the fascia, or to see roof coverings projecting too far over the gutter. In both cases, this may lead to the water over-shooting the gutters completely. Typical gutter systems hold up better when the brackets are spiked or screwed through the fascia and into the ends of the rafters, and not just into the 3/4-inch fascia board.


The Barrie Home Inspector has spent most of his career in roofing, whether in actually shingling a roof to inspecting roofs on large projects. With over 4,000 home inspections the Barrie Home Inspector has been on almost any type of roof imaginable. When looking for a professional call someone who has the knowledge and experience to protect your residential or commercial investment.




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